Ben Hur (1907)

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• 原作：ベン・ハー

Ben Hur is a 1907 American silent drama film set in ancient Rome, the first screen adaptation of Lew Wallace's popular 1880 novel Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ. Co-directed by Sidney Olcott and Frank Oakes Rose, this "photoplay" was produced by the Kalem Company of New York City, and its scenes, including the climactic chariot race, were filmed in the city's borough of Brooklyn.

Production

The production was directed principally by Sidney Olcott with assistance from Frank Oakes Rose, a stage manager with Henry J. Pain's Fireworks Company, an entertainment business at Manhattan Beach in Brooklyn, New York. Filmed outdoors in the October 1907, the project was shot in just four days with the production crew mindful that the region's "fall rains might begin at any time".

Actor William S. Hart, who would later become the silent era's foremost star of "cowboy pictures", allegedly reprised his role as Messala in Kalem's production, having already played the part on stage in the highly successful Broadway production of Ben Hur, which ran for 194 performances between late November 1899 and May 1900. His participation in this film, however, remains unverified from period records and is therefore suspect as fact.

With regard to the identity of the actor who performed in the film's title role, misinformation and confusion also persist in modern sources. Many of those sources cite a professional film actor, "Herman Rottger", as Ben-Hur in Kalem’s production. Actually, only one verified cast member in the 1907 production, one who possessed a nearly identical name—"Herman Rottjer"—was an employee with Pain's Fireworks Company.

In Kalem’s large advertisement for Ben Hur in the December 7, 1907 issue of the trade journal The Moving Picture World, the studio credits Rottjer as the "Chief Chariotier" in the film. That credit certainly suggests Rottjer, who was 29 years old at the time, had considerable experience driving Pain's replicas of the two-wheeled ancient vehicles, along with experience performing in Pain's summer Vesuvius-Pompeii shows and in other grand productio…

Although Kalem initially planned to use props and "standing scenery" from Pain's, the studio acquired most of its production needs elsewhere and opted, perhaps due to budget and scheduling constraints, to film the project's chariot race and other scenes at the Sheepshead Bay Race Track, which was located close to Manhattan Beach. The track by October 1907 was closed for the season and was immediately available for Kalem to use.

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